Seasonal influenza is an acute viral infection that is spread by person-to-person transmission. Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, circulates worldwide and can affect anyone in any age group, although annual epidemics peak during winter in temperate climates.
Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a bacterium that can cause multiple types of pneumococcal disease, including bloodstream infections (sepsis), pneumonia, meningitis, and other milder diseases such as sinusitis and otitis media. The severity of pneumococcal disease is characterized as invasive or non-invasive, with invasive pneumococcal disease being more severe as the bacterium can be isolated from ordinarily sterile sites (eg blood or cerebrospinal fluid), and requires hospital treatment.
This Market Spotlight report covers the Zika Virus market, comprising key pipeline therapies, clinical trials, probability of success, and epidemiology.
Dengue virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family, which are also known for causing other diseases including yellow fever, West Nile virus, and tick-borne encephalitis. There are four serologically distinct dengue viruses (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4), meaning that recovery from infection provides immunity against a specific serotype, but there is little to no cross-immunity towards other serotypes. As a result, a person can be infected multiple times in their lifetime, with subsequent infections being more likely to be severe due to a phenomenon called antibody-dependent enhancement of disease.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, is an enveloped, non-segmented, single-stranded, negativesense RNA virus. It is a common respiratory virus that is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in infants, and is estimated to be responsible for 22% of all episodes of acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children.
Despite Truvada’s and Descovy’s commercial success, PrEP remains underutilized due to poor awareness and lack of/limited reimbursement in some European countries, though uptake is increasing due to recent favorable reimbursement decisions in Germany, Spain, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, as well as due to Gilead’s marketing efforts. The US has the highest rate of uptake (estimated at 22% of at-risk individuals in 2020) and generates the majority of global PrEP revenues.
This Market Spotlight report covers the Hepatitis B market, comprising key marketed and pipeline drugs, clinical trials, recent events and analyst opinion, key upcoming events, probability of success, a 10-year disease prevalence forecast, and licensing and acquisition deals, as well as presenting drug-specific revenue forecasts.
Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), a hepacivirus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. HCV infects hepatocytes and is the leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer (HCC). Approximately 15−45% of people infected with HCV will spontaneously clear the virus, but the remaining 55−85% will develop chronic HCV infection. For those chronically infected with HCV, the risk of cirrhosis increases by 15–30% within 20 years.
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus that emerged in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. As of October 2021, there have been 245,373,039 confirmed cases of COVID-19, and 4,979,421 deaths globally. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the coronavirus family, which collectively cause respiratory and intestinal disease in humans and animals, with other prominent members of the family including Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus
This Market Spotlight report covers the Tuberculosis (TB) market, comprising key marketed and pipeline drugs, clinical trials, recent events and analyst opinion, upcoming and regulatory events, probability of success, a 10-year disease incidence forecast, and licensing and acquisition deals.
This Market Spotlight report covers the Norovirus market, comprising key pipeline drugs, clinical trials, probability of success, licensing and asset acquisition deals, and an epidemiological overview.
The HIV treatment market in the US, Japan, and five major European markets (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK) is expected to continue to expand through to 2025, driven primarily by increases in disease prevalence and continued uptake of Gilead’s Biktarvy and ViiV Healthcare’s portfolio of two-drug regimens. However, a plethora of products undergoing patent expiry across the forecast period will tip the market into decline from 2026.
Meningococcal meningitis is caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, which causes a serious infection to the lining surrounding the brain and spinal cord. In all, 12 known serogroups of Neisseria meningitidis have been identified, six of which (A, B, C, W, X, and Y) can cause epidemics. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported around 1 in 10 people are asymptomatic carriers of the bacteria.
HPV is a member of the papillomavirus family, which are known for causing warts. Over 200 different types have been identified so far, and while most HPV infections are not harmful, persistent infection with certain HPV strains can cause warts and anogenital lesions, which if untreated may become cancers. HPV infection is the major cause of cervical cancers, with almost all cases (99%) being caused by HPV infection. Other cancers related to HPV include cancers of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus. Only about 14 HPV strains are considered high risk for causing cervical cancer, and of these the two most common types, HPV 16 and 18, are responsible for causing around 70% of all cervical cancers globally.
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus that emerged in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. As of 12 March 2021, there have been 117,799,584 confirmed cases of COVID-19, and 2,615,018 confirmed deaths globally. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the coronavirus family, which collectively cause respiratory and intestinal disease in humans and animals, with other prominent members of the family including Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus. SARS-CoV-2 is believed to have originated from a horseshoe bat coronavirus, which either spread to humans directly or jumped via an intermediate host (possibly a pangolin), which may have facilitated transmission to humans.
The human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, is a retrovirus that infects the cells of the immune system such as T lymphocytes, specifically cluster of differentiation-4+ T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages.
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