The 60th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition was held in San Diego, CA from December 1-4, 2018.
The Annual European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2019 Congress was held in Barcelona, Spain from September 27 to October 1, 2019. Conference highlights included new data from PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer, such as Zejula, Lynparza and veliparib, as well as a follow-up update for KRAS-targeted drug AMG 510 for colorectal cancer, and CDK4/6-inhibitors, Kisqali and Verzenio, for breast cancer. Key pipeline updates for more established drugs were highly featured including Keytruda for…
The Annual European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2020 Congress was held virtually from September 19 to September 21, 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
A US KOL provides insight into the current treatment landscape for bladder cancer. Critical unmet needs in the bladder cancer market along with future trends are also discussed.
The CLL treatment paradigm has changed significantly over the past five years, with targeted therapies such as Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors and BCL-2 inhibitors displacing chemotherapy-based treatments for most patients who have CLL.
AML is a type of heterogeneous hematological malignancy that originates from immature white blood cells (blasts) in the bone marrow, which may be derived from either a hematopoietic stem cell or a lineage-specific progenitor cell. “Acute” means that the leukemia may progress rapidly – AML generally spreads quickly to the bloodstream and can then spread to other parts of the body including the lymph nodes, spleen, central nervous system, and testicles.
Bladder cancer is the fifth most common cancer in Europe and the ninth most common cancer globally. Symptoms include hematuria, dysuria, increased urinary frequency, and frequent urinary tract infections.
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is defined as a cancer of the blood in which a mutation in myeloid hematopoietic stem cells causes the overproduction of immature and dysfunctional white blood cells (myeloblasts, also known as blasts), preventing the normal production and function of healthy white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
Colorectal (or bowel) cancer refers to carcinomas arising in the epithelium of the large intestine at any point between the cecal valve and the anus. CRC typically develops through the proliferation of mucosal epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) wall, eventually forming a polyp or adenoma. As with many other cancers of the GI tract, the vast majority (>95%) are adenocarcinomas.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), which originates in the lymphatic system when B lymphocytes become enlarged and proliferate uncontrollably to form a tumor mass. DLBCL can arise de novo or as a progression or transformation from more indolent disease such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (in which case it is also known as Richter’s transformation) or follicular lymphoma (FL).
Stomach or gastric cancer (GC) refers to any cancer arising in the lining of the stomach. The vast majority (95%) of these cancers are adenocarcinomas, and can be further grouped by anatomic origin. The clearest etiological distinction exists between adenocarcinomas of the gastric cardia (the anterior edge of the stomach surrounding the entry point of the esophagus), and those arising in the other anatomical subsites of the stomach – the fundus, body, pylorus, and the antrum. In most cases, gastric adenocarcinomas will begin in the muscularis mucosae and submucosa, then invading deeper lamina of the gastric wall.
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are defined as any cancer that begins in cells of the oral cavity, pharynx, nose, sinuses, or salivary glands. These cancers are grouped together due to historical similarities in etiology, disease presentation, and manifestation. The vast majority of these cases (90%), collectively referred to as head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), appear in squamous epithelial cells lining the mucous membranes of these regions. The exception to this is salivary gland cancer, which can appear in any of the salivary glands’ diverse cell types.
Liver cancers can be differentiated based on the cell types they affect. The most common form of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for 80–90% of liver cancer cases. HCC affects hepatocellular cells, or hepatocytes, which are the most abundant cell type in the liver and are responsible for the liver’s primary functions, such as bile production, protein synthesis, and detoxification. This differentiates HCC from other types of liver cancer such as cholangiocarcinoma, which affects the epithelial cells lining the bile ducts, and angiosarcoma, which affects the endothelial cells lining blood vessels of the liver.
Amplification of the HER2/neu oncogene and related genetic elements on chromosome 17 increases HER2 expression and accelerates tumorigenesis. The natural disease progression meant that, historically, women with breast cancer who overexpressed HER2 were found to have significantly shorter disease-free survival and overall survival compared with women without HER2 amplification; however, the introduction of trastuzumab in 1998 drastically changed patient outcomes, to the point where HER2+ breast cancer patients now have the longest median survival of all breast cancer subtypes. HER2 is overexpressed in approximately 20% of breast cancers.
Hormone receptor-positive (HR+) is the most common breast cancer subtype, with approximately 70% of breast cancers presenting with overexpression of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, or both (De Placido and Pronzato, 2015). Overexpression of the hormone receptors allows estrogen and progesterone to drive tumor growth and proliferation. Therefore, endocrine therapy remains the standard treatment for advanced patients with HR+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer.
Melanoma accounts for just 1% of all skin cancer cases, but is responsible for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths. Melanoma occurs when melanocytes – pigment-producing cells of the skin that are intercalated in the basal cell layer – become malignant. Although surgical excision is a potentially curative option for many melanoma patients, the disease can disseminate rapidly. Currently, only 27.3% of patients diagnosed with distant metastatic melanoma survive for five years, compared to about 99.0% of those with localized disease. Although 83% of patients present with localized disease, approximately one quarter to one third of these patients will eventually experience disease recurrence.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the infiltration of malignant, antibody-producing plasma cells in the bone marrow. The disease represents approximately 1% of all cancers, and 10% of hematological cancers. The hallmarks of MM are high levels of monoclonal (M-) protein, high levels of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, and organ damage.
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) specifically originating from centrocyte and centroblast B cells and usually beginning in the lymph nodes. The disease is among the most common forms of NHL alongside diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), accounting for approximately 35% of all NHLs.
Lung cancer is generally categorized as either small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Of these, NSCLC is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for roughly 85% of all cases. NSCLC can be further divided into non-squamous and squamous NSCLC histologies. Squamous NSCLC refers to patients with squamous cell carcinoma, whereas non-squamous NSCLC includes patients with adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and other less common subtypes. Incidence of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma varies greatly by both geographic region and gender. In general, adenocarcinoma comprises approximately 30–50% of all lung cancer cases, while squamous cell carcinoma accounts for roughly 25–35%.
Ovarian cancer is defined as a group of tumors that originate in the ovaries. Most ovarian cancers are epithelial carcinomas which begin in the tissue surrounding the ovary. Other less common types of ovarian tumors include primary peritoneal, fallopian tube, and malignant germ cell tumors. Ovarian cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women, and is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related death in women.
Prostate cancer occurs when malignant cells originate in the prostate gland. The vast majority of prostate cancers are adenocarcinomas, but other less common types include sarcomas, small cell carcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, and transitional cell carcinomas. Some prostate cancers can grow and spread quickly, but many are relatively indolent. Because of this, depending on patient age and other co-morbidities, some prostate cancer patients may not receive active treatment for the disease during their lifetime.
Sutent is set to lose ground due to both newer, more effective treatments and imminent biosimilar erosion. Previously the SOC across many treatment settings, the pivotal trials of several newer therapies, which include checkpoint inhibitors Keytruda, Opdivo, and Bavencio, and the RTK inhibitor Cabometyx, have demonstrated significant clinical benefit over Sutent in the first-line setting. Keytruda and Cabometyx have also demonstrated benefit over Sutent in subsequent-line settings.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a relatively rare breast cancer subtype. It is characterized by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors and does not involve the overexpression of HER2. TNBC is associated with poor prognosis, a high risk of local recurrence, and poor disease-free and cancer-specific survival. It accounts for roughly 14% of breast cancers.
This Market Spotlight report covers the Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) market, comprising key marketed and pipeline drugs, clinical trials, recent events and analyst opinion, upcoming and regulatory events, probability of success, a 10-year disease incidence forecast, and licensing and acquisition deals, as well as presenting drug-specific revenue forecasts.
This Market Spotlight report covers the Basal Cell Carcinoma market, comprising key marketed and pipeline drugs, epidemiology, recent events and analyst opinion, clinical trials, upcoming and regulatory events, probability of success, and licensing and acquisition deals, as well as presenting drug-specific revenue forecasts.
This Market Spotlight report covers the Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) market, comprising key marketed and pipeline drugs, clinical trials, upcoming and regulatory events, probability of success, and a 10-year disease prevalence forecast, as well as presenting drug-specific revenue forecasts.
This Market Spotlight report covers the Biliary Tract Cancer market, comprising key marketed and pipeline drugs, recent events and analyst opinion, clinical trials, upcoming and regulatory events, probability of success, a 10-year disease incidence forecast, and licensing and acquisition deals, as well as presenting drug-specific revenue forecasts.
This Market Spotlight report covers the cervical cancer market, comprising key pipeline and marketed drugs, clinical trials, upcoming events, patent information, a 10-year disease prevalence forecast, and licensing and acquisition deals, as well as presenting drug-specific revenue forecasts.
This Market Spotlight report covers the Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) market, comprising key marketed and pipeline drugs, clinical trials, upcoming and regulatory events, recent events and analyst opinion, probability of success, a 10-year disease incidence and prevalence forecast, and licensing and acquisition deals, as well as presenting drug-specific revenue forecasts.
This Market Spotlight report covers the esophageal cancer market, comprising key marketed and pipeline drugs, clinical trials, upcoming and regulatory events, recent events and analyst opinion, probability of success, a 10-year disease incidence forecast, and licensing and acquisition deals, as well as presenting drug-specific revenue forecasts.
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