The average drug price in Poland is the lowest in the EU, mainly due to the high proportion of generic pharmaceuticals, low availability of innovative drugs, and high price pressure on reimbursed drugs.
Managed entry agreements (MEAs) describe a range of mechanisms by which pharmaceutical firms and payers share some of the financial and clinical risk associated with the introduction of a new medicine.
Despite their high prices, Kadcyla and Perjeta are widely reimbursed in the US and have experienced fast uptake as payers have limited options for cost control in this indication.
A new value-based assessment (VBA) process is scheduled to come into effect in the UK in late 2014. There have been significant delays in determining how this would work in practice, reflecting VBA’s complexity.
Regulatory measures continue to shape the generics landscape. Cost-containment strategies continue to impact generics.
China has recently completed its 2009–11 healthcare reform. The reform has come at a high cost: although the Ministry of Health intended to invest CNY850bn ($135bn) in the plan, total investment has now exceeded CNY1,100bn ($175bn).
By any standards, last year was a turbulent one for the pharmaceutical sector. The patent cliff claimed some of the industry’s most profitable properties and with the market share of these drugs losing ground to generics, put even more pressure on the top- and bottom-line performance of key players such as Eli Lilly and AstraZeneca, to name just two of the worst hit.
Such pressure – and the drive to cut fixed costs that goes with it – has been a boon for clinical CROs, which have become increasingly indispensable to the business of drug discovery, as clinical development is outsourced and specialist units, such as clinical laboratories, are offloaded to CROs in long-term guaranteed strategic partnerships.
With a growing economy and 40 million inhabitants, Argentina is one of the most important emerging market destinations in South America.
In 2011, branded generics accounted for 89% of Indonesia’s overall prescription pharmaceutical market, which was valued at IDR25.04tn ($2.84bn). The overwhelming dominance of generics – both branded and unbranded – leaves very little room for innovative products, other than those whose patents have already expired (i.e. “long-listed drugs”).
Traditionally considered an immature generics market, France has seen the introduction of measures aimed at increasing generics use in order to cut healthcare costs.
The German generics industry is feeling the effects of recent efforts to control drug spending by exerting downward pressure on drug prices.
Kalbe Farma is the leading player by some margin, with a market share of 13% in 2011, while GlaxoSmithKline is the largest foreign player with a 3% share.
Real-world evidence (RWE) has become increasingly important in proving the value of drugs and differentiating them from their competition.
With the Russian economy recovering from the recession experienced in 2009, the pharmaceutical market has also returned to growth.
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